Flender/Flender Gear Units/Helical gear boxes H4
inder cover. Effectiveremoval of the grain from tillers and seed separation from husk occur in an axial-owthresher, rather than in

low-capacity hold-ontype threshers (Fig. in which crop pani- cles are held manually for some time against the rotating threshing drum.

The leftovers in the form of bhusa (broken straw and chaffs) obtained from axial-ow thresher are used as cattle feed

or left in the eld as fertilizer, whereas the whole crop straw obtained from thehold-on threshers is used as the

raw material for industries manufacturing straw boards,Khas khas , , da ea ou dt ot hr , da sa lf . Detachment of seeds and breaking of pods are primarily achieved by impact action, wherein squeezing, rubbing, combing, and tearing actions are also associated between the Fig. 1 Power-operated, throw-intype, stationary thresher: 1. Cover 6. Oscillating screen 2. Threshing cylinder 7. Windboard3. Feed board 8. Engine4. Straw discharge guard 9. Grain discharge chute5. Blower (From Ref. 5.) Harvesting and Threshing 9 Fig. 1 Power-operated, hold-ontype thresher: 1. Cover 5. Chaff outlet 2. Threshing cylinder 6. Concave grate3. Threshing element 7. Grain auger4. Feeding table (From Ref. 5.) threshing elements and concave grating. Unlike manual threshing, the impact actions in threshers are simulated by rotating the cylinder() having threshing elements of differentdesigns at their periphery and along the drum length. When such cylinders are rotated athigh speed (7.5.0 /), most grains or pods from the straw, which is moving relativelyslowly, are shattered by the repeated impacts. The remaining grains are threshed by the combing, rubbing, squeezing, and tearing actions as the crops accelerate and pass through the narrow passages between the cylinder element tip and the concave, as well as withthe louvers. During the separation process, it is assumed that, theoretically, sheet ofcrops giving cushioning effect to the grains rolls over the cylinder when impact sh