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dience con-cerned with agricultural sciences and engineering, food technology, and other alliedsubjects. Postharvest technology is an interdisciplinary subject. Therefore, the contributing authors of this book are specialists recognized in their respective disciplines. We take this opportunity to express our heartfelt thanks to the chapter authors for their timely and valuable contributions. We wish to pay homage to the contributorsDr. . . Datta and Dr. . . Satake, who are no longer with us in person. Sincere thanksare due to the editorial staff of Marcel Dekker, Inc., and all the other people who assisted us directly and indirectly. The wholehearted cooperation of our families is also deeply appreciated. Amalendu Chakraverty Arun . Mujumdar . . Vijaya Raghavan Hosahalli . Ramaswamy Introduction: Production, Trade, Losses, Causes, and Preservation The need to increase food production to meet the requirements of rapidly growing world population is widely recognized. Cereals, pulses, fruits, and vegetables are the importantfood crops in the world as these are the bulk sources of calories, proteins, and nutrients,and spices and plantation crops play an important role in the economies of many countries.To supply an adequate quantity of grains and other food to the expanding world populationis challenge to mankind. Rice and wheat have an added importance in national andinternational trade with political and social implications. The supply of grains and other food crops can be augmented by increasing produc- tion as well as by reducing postharvest losses. The production of food has increased sig-nicantly during the last few decades due to successful research and development efforts in both areas. The use of recently developed high-yielding crops has created high yieldpotential when it is supplemented with suitable application of fertilizer and modern man-agement practice. The term green revolution is used to reveal the impact of high- yielding cultivars on the world of