Flender/Flender Gear Units/Bevel-helical speed reduction gearboxes B3
oncentrates. 3.2.6 Other Hot Air Dryers Pneumatic conveying dryers are generally used for nish drying of powders and granulates of

fruits and vegetable products and are extensively used for making potato granules (Fig.. As the material entering the dryer must

be conveyable in an airstream, the incoming Fig. 1 Modied pneumatic dryer for potato granulates (Aradi-Rybanski dryer): ( fan, (

air heater, ( feeder, ( upper drying chamber, ( cyclone. (From Ref. 2.) Drying of Fruits, Vegetables, and Spices 6

Fig. 1 Simplied schematic of rotary dryer. material usually is predried in another way (spray, uidized, spouted bed dryers, etc.) to moisture level below 4% (..). Rotary dryers may sometimes be used for drying of particulate solid foods. In these dryers, (Fig. the wet solids (particles, crystals, etc.) enter one end of rotating drum,move down the drum length, cascading from peripherally mounted lifting ights, and exitat the other end suitably dried. The drying medium is either hot air or combustion gasesthat ow cocurrently or countercurrently to the direction of the solids through the drumlength. The size of these dryers varies from approximately 0.3 in diameter by 2 inlength to 5 in diameter by 9 in length. Many details of these last techniques are discussed in the literature (1,1,. 3.3 Contact Dryers The hot surface of the contact dryer is the source of heat necessary to evaporation of moisture from the fruit or vegetable concentrates, pulps, pastes, or slurries. This type of drying is more economical than, for example, spray drying, but the dry product usually has different characteristics from those of spray dryer. typical example of the contactdryer is drum dryer with single, double, or twin drums. The single-drum comprisesonly one roll. double-drum dryer comprises two rolls, which rotate toward each otherat the top. This arrangement makes it possible to adjust the feed thickness layer by chang-ing the space between them. The twin-drum dr