Bevel-helical gearbox B3 Flender GmbH Flender MD Bevel helical gear uni B3-KV-8-D

Flender/Flender Gear Units/Bevel-helical gearbox B3

ryptolestes ferrugineus /H1.0 Oryzaephilus mercator 2.0 1.0 2.0 0.5 . surinamensis /H1.0 Bostrichidae (beetle) Rhyzopertha dominica /H1.0 2.0 /H1.0 /H1.0 /H1.0 Curculionidae (beetle) Sitophilus granarius 9.0 4.5 8.5 5.0 1.0 1.0 /H1.0 Curculionidae (beetle) . oryzae 9.0 /H1.0 /H1.0 1.0 2.0 /H1.0 /H1.0 /H1.0 4.5 8.5 /H1.0 /H1.0 Tenebrionidae (beetle) Tribolium castaneum 2.5 1.5 3.0 4.0 1.5 6.5 /H1.0 /H1.0 4.0 /H1.0 1.5 6.0 /H1.0 /H1.0 . confusum 2.5 1.0 6.5 4.5 /H1.0 /H1.0 /H1.0 Dermestidae (beetle) Trogoderma granarium 1.0 4.0 Phycitidae (moth) Plodia interpunctella 1.5 3.0 3.0 /H1.5 1.5 /H1.0 /H1.0 /H1.0 3.0 3.0 6.0 /H1.0 1.0 /H1.0 1.5 /H1.0 Ephestia cautella 1.5 1.5 1.0 0.5 4.0 /H1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 Gelechiidae (moth) Sitotroga cerealella 3.5 4.5 /H1.0 1.0 Tenebrionidae (beetle) Tenebrio molitor /H1.0 aStages: , egg; , larva; , pupa; , adult. Source : Annis, 1. 2 White and Jayas ranging from 3 to 3% (White et al., . More than half the insects were dead at 7 in CO 2levels above 3%. Because added CO 2accumulates in lower regions of grain bulks (Alagusundaram et al., , storage operators may be able to use the positive geotropism of adult . ferrugineus and the tendency of the insect to be attracted to high- CO 2levels to assist in the control of this pest with controlled atmospheres. 6 SUBLETHAL EFFECTS ON INSECTS Insects are occasionally exposed to elevated, but nonlethal, concentrations of CO 2either because of CO 2fumigation in nonairtight grain bins, which can take 3 weeks or more and may not be effective (Alagusundarum et al., , or because of the natural increase in CO 2from the metabolism of insects, molds, and grain in hot spots. Natural CO 2levels between 2 and 3% by volume in air (which is 1-fold higher than the ambient airlevels) have been found throughout infested nonairtight granaries (Sinha et al., .Levels ranging from 5 to 1% have been reported in localize