Flender/Flender Gear Units/Bevel-helical gear Reduction Box B3
oultry; Suspected carcino- . verticillioides gen in humans (/H1F. moniliforme ) Deoxynivalenol . graminearum Immunosuppressive . culmorum . crookwellense Ochratoxin

. verrucosum Nephrotoxic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic . ochraceous Sterigmatocystin . versicolor Carcinogen Emericella nidulans Zearalenone . sporotrichioides Reproductive disorders in

swine; possible . pallidoroseum human carcinogen . graminearum . culmorum rodes metal parts in storages, affects seed viability, and acid-treated

grain is generally used for animal feed. Fungicides, such as iprodione and thiobendazole at low levels, have also been tested

for grain preservation. Application of ammonia (0.0%) or sulfur dioxide as gas in the grain-drying system inhibits fungal development. The effect of fumigationand controlled-atmosphere storage on growth of fungi has been reviewed (. 3.4 Rodents Rats and mice are the predominant and notorious vertebrate pests causing direct and indi- rect losses in grain storage. They cause damage to the crop in eld-harvested grain beforeand during storage and also during processing and utilization. Quantitative loss of grainsby direct consumption by rodents has been estimated to be 1% whereas overall loss byspillage and damage may exceed 1%. Contamination of cereal grains by urine, fecalpellets, saliva, hair, and body fragments is major sanitary problem contributing to publichealth hazard. They are involved in the spread of diseases such as plague, typhus, leptro- spiral jaundice, rat-bite fever, salmonellosis, and trichinosis in human beings. Rodents carry insects, mites, and microora on their body and cause cross-contamination of grainstocks. They also cause extensive damage to the storage structures, electrical installations,and water pipes by gnawing (. The extent of damage to food grains and nonfood itemsvary from place to place, year to year, and also depends on the level of rodent populations. 1 Rajendran Field (wild) and commensal rodents belong to the fami