Flender/Flender Gear Units/Helical gearbox H4
includes near infrared (0.7 3.0m), medium infrared (3.0 ), and far infrared (2 ). The effectiveness 1 Das and Chakraverty

of heating and drying by infrared, however, depends on the intensity of radiation heat transfer (between the source and the

receiver). In the drying process, this intensity of heatexchange depends mainly on specic factors. These are the spectrum of the

wavelength(temperature of the radiating source), optical and thermophysical characteristics of theproducts being dried, intensity and uniformity of radiation (relative position

of the source and the irradiated objectcalled geometric parameter), and physical characteristics of the intervening medium in the drying chamber. The knowledge of radiative properties such as reectivity, absorptivity, emmisivity, and transmissivity of the materials is essential in understanding the infrared-drying system.Materials with low reectivity in the infrared spectrum of radiation (and high or mediumabsorptivity, depending on the drying process) are preferred to minimize power consump- tion for heating. Low absorptivity, and consequently high transmissivity (or penetration depth of the radiation into the material) would be desirable for drying thick moist foodsto avoid excessive thermal damage of the surface through intensive heating. The heat ux on the surface of the irradiated materials is about 2 times greater than that of convec- tive drying (. The radiative properties of the materials depend on the wavelength ofradiation, its thickness, and its moisture content. However, their variations are quite dif- cult to estimate for foodstuffs because they are complex mixture of different biomolec- ules, salts, and water (. Transmissivity of many materials is higher at lower wavelengths (. Besides the transmissivity and thickness, the temperature eld of an irradiated mate-rial is dependent on the temperature and ow rate of the gaseous medium in the dryingchamber. The effectiveness of the drying process with the inte